Transdanubia is the name of the Hungarian region situated in the Carpathian Basin west of the Danube River. The 38,000 km² territory represents 40 % of the country and is inhabited by 3 million people. It is a geologically diverse, well articulated region, with several mountain forms. Most of its surface is occupied by the Transdanubian Hills and the Mountains. Its climate is well balanced, the precipitation being more abundant and uniform than on the Small Plain (600-800 mm). The dense watershed of Transdanubia is collected by the Danube. As far as its vegetation is concerned, it belongs to the Pannon flora, featuring rare plants and forests. Untill the end of the 1980s it has been considered a region rich in energy resources such as coal mines, natural gas and oil fields. Referred to as the "energy axis", the region was home to heavy industrial centres such as Tatabánya, Oroszlány, Ajka, Dunaújváros. In addition, famous historical towns can also be found in this part of the country, such as Pécs, Veszprém, Székesfehérvár, Komárom, Esztergom.
The Transdanubian Hills are characterised by a varied geological structure and is a fairly colourful topographic land. Its area covers 15,000 km² and is composed of Pleistocene sediment (clay, loess, sand). It is made up of three cultivable regions (Somogy, Tolna, Baranya), out of which two faulted mountains stand out like islands (Mecsek and the mountain of Villány). Its climate is Mediterranean-like. Owing to its regions, ethnographic and cultural values, the Transdanubian hills is the most maintained region of Hungary.
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